Fine art is important in streetwear. In a game that'southward focused on graphic T-shirts, how a brand uses art and graphics tin can help or hurt its longevity. Vintage Polo Sportsman pieces that directly referenced images from 1940s outdoor magazines are some of Ralph Lauren'south most sought after pieces. Supreme has been able to aggrandize its audience beyond skateboarders by releasing collaborations with hyped gimmicky artists similar Damien Hirst and hardcore graffiti bombers like JA One.

Art collaborations are difficult to main, merely Virgil Abloh has been able to execute collaborations in a meaningful way. Art is not simply used to heave his brand's aesthetic. It's being used to tell a story.  Since Virgil Abloh first launched Fair in 2013, he's referenced artists ranging from 17th century Bizarre painters to 1970s subway graffiti writers. Although Abloh is not the first to work with some of these artists, he undeniably has an eye for what will translate on a garment and what people will want to buy. We bankrupt downwardly the artists who inspired some of Off-white's all-time art references and collaborations.

Dondi

Off-White Virgil Abloh Best Art References Dondi
Image via Circuitous Original

From collaborating with the SAMO-esque street creative person "Jim Joe" on the Pyrex Vision moving-picture show, to inviting several graffiti artists to pigment the track at Louis Vuitton earlier this yr, it isn't a cloak-and-dagger that Virgil Abloh is a graff head. And his beloved for graffiti culture fully surfaced at Off-White's Leap/Summertime 2019 runway show when he revealed it was dedicated to the deified New York graffiti legend Donald "Dondi" White.

To this solar day, the tardily Dondi is still revered as 1 of the virtually influential graffiti artists of all time. A graffiti author who had such an ill and unique way that he was dubbed "The Style Master Full general." Born in East New York, Brooklyn, Dondi crushed unabridged subway lines in the '70s with top to bottom pieces that covered unabridged railroad train cars. He became one of only a few graffiti writers able to successfully transition into showcasing and selling his work at art galleries. Today, the tardily Dondi's artwork is highly sought afterward and rarely up for sale. Last year, a Dondi painting fetched $240,000 at an auction, and his sketches accept sold for over $100,000. In an interview, Abloh said he learned how to draw past tracing Dondi'due south work.

Instead of repurposing famous photos of Dondi's graffiti on subway cars, Abloh dived into the artist's sketchbooks. Out of all of Dondi'due south artwork, his sketches and drawings remain to be some of his most fascinating art. Alien stick figures and deconstructed graffiti letters were hallmarks of these sketches. Dondi'south sketches of his iconic Children of the Grave whole automobile piece, his "Pre2" tag with a female swimmer, blueprint drawings, a blackbook piece of a mountain, a blackbook slice of the grim reaper, and other sketches were printed onto various garments for Fair's Spring/Summer 2019 drove. However, Off-White was far from existence the first streetwear brand to ever collaborate with Dondi—Stussy and Supreme worked with the artist nigh a decade earlier.

It'southward worth noting that graffiti and compages are both rooted in iterative thinking. In both fields, a designer is constantly re-cartoon iterations of their work until they hitting the blueprint they truly desire. Y'all can see this through Dondi's iterations of the letter "D." Sometimes he would sketch the letter "D" as a shadow, draw an enlarged "D" that connected to a train car, or plow the "D" into its own graphic symbol. So the connection between Abloh and Dondi seems even more than fitting.

Giorgio de Chirico

Off White Virgil Abloh Best Art References Chirico
Image via Complex Original

Fair'south Leap/Summer 2017 collection featured graphics that referenced Giorgio de Chirico'southward fine art. It was a subtle nod by Virgil Abloh to commemorate the metaphysical school of art'due south 100th anniversary. The metaphysical, an Italian art motion founded by de Chirico and Carlo Carra, is considered to be a predecessor to surrealism, which was fabricated pop past artists such as Salvador Dali.

The Girogio de Chirico pieces Abloh references include a 1948 painting of an Italian square and de Chirico's 1914 painting The Song of Love. Although Abloh'south love for de Chirico has never been formally explained, it could likely be continued to de Chirico'due south analogousness to paint Italtian architecture minimally within his work. The design of the Fair store in Manila, Philippines, was reportedly inspired by de Chirico's piece of work.

Margaret Calvert and Jock Kinneir

Off-White Virgil Abloh Best Art References Margaret Calvert
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The core influence behind Off-white's recognizable arrows and diagonal logos can exist attributed to the work of the British graphic designers Margaret Calvert and Jock Kinneir. The 2 designers are ameliorate known for designing road signs in the United Kingdom that became the model for road signage across the world. In 1964, Kinneir and Calvert were commissioned to make signs for the newly opened Glasgow airdrome. The symbol of the airport included an arrows logo that resembled the St. Andrews cross, which was borrowed by Off-White over half a century after. Off-White as well seems to be inspired past the diagonals seen on top of airport runway trucks.

Futura

Off White Virgil Abloh Best Art References Futura
Image via Complex Original

Fair'due south Spring/Summer 2020 collection brought forth a super hyped collaboration with graffiti and streetwear pioneer Futura. Pointman statues appeared on the runway along with dresses, denim jackets, Nike Dunk SB Lows, T-shirts, and tailored pieces featuring Futura'due south art.

With Futura being 1 of the founding fathers of modern streetwear—as shown with his early brands similar Not From Concentrate/GSF, Project Dragon, and Recon—it was merely a matter of time for 1 of the biggest streetwear labels of today to link with the artist, whose real proper name is Lenny McGurr. The Off-White collaboration was revealed but weeks after Futura appear he was relaunching his cult streetwear brand, Futura Laboratories, before this year. Like Dondi, Futura was also apart of a pocket-sized class of subway graffiti writers who were able to pause into the fine art earth in the early '80s. Although his piece of work could exist seen as a mix between artists like Wassily Kandinsky and Jackson Pollock, Futura fine art is just Futura. Futura's centre for blending spray paint together, plus his iconic and unique glyphs, is what makes him i of the near respected graffiti pioneers live today.

Most of Futura's graphics seem to be custom-made for Off-white, but i noticeable graphic printed on dresses, throw blankets, and suits was directly pulled from a backdrop that Futura painted for The Disharmonism during their 1981 European bout. Other pieces in the collection pulled fine art from an untitled Futura painting that was sold for $30,000 2 years ago.  "I have a swell human relationship with Virg," said Futura in an interview with T Magazine.

Edouard Manet

Off-White Virgil Abloh Best Art References Manet
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Virgil Abloh's Pre-Spring 2019 drove included a number of pieces featuring the famous 1874 Edoaurd Manet painting Monet Painting in his Studio Boat. With an Off-White collection titled Impressionism, it's pretty clear why Abloh chose to feature Impressionist artists similar Manet inside the collection. Manet was a French 19th century painter who struggled to gain recognition during his lifetime. The lofty art academies of France constantly rejected Manet'southward paintings due to how realistic they were. Manet painted controversial images such equally a fully nude prostitute lounging in a bed or of a bullfighter who met his demise. Afterward Manet's paintings were rejected past the Paris World'south Off-white, Manet took matters into his own easily past building his own pavilion to showroom his fine art outside of the fair's entrance

So why reference the belatedly 19th and early on 20th century French art motility? Some Off-White pieces that showcase Manet's painting besides include printed text with Off-White's definition of what Impressionism was. Fair'south definition emphasizes how the art movement was launched through independent exhibitions by artists who were originally lamented by the conventional art customs in Paris earlier it was heralded as a great fine art motility today. That sounds similar to the story of streetwear'due south relationship with high style.

Jean-Michel Basquiat

Off-White Virgil Abloh Best Art References Basquiat
Image via Complex Original

The artwork referenced by Off-White for this collaboration includes Jean-Michel Basquiat's SAMO tags, a record sleeve encompass Basquiat designed for Rammellzee and K-Rob'southward 1983 anthology Beat Bop, a slice from Basquiat's Famous Negro Athletes series, AAAAAA, and Evil Thoughts. Although a Basquiat collaboration isn't a super novel move by a streetwear brand, considering everyone from Supreme to Uniqlo has licensed his work, it shows how enduring Basquiat's artwork is today. Basquiat took over SoHo'south galleries in the 1980s with artists similar Keith Haring and became one of Andy Warhol's muses. Today, his piece of work is constantly imitated and has recently sold for as much as $110.5 meg. Why Basquiat'due south paintings remain extremely popular today is considering of the creative person's commentary on topics regarding race, police brutality, politics, capitalism, colonialism, and more.

Anton Raphael Mengs

Off-White Virgil Abloh Best Art References Anton Rapheal Mengs
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The "Mariana de Silva" pieces from Fair's Pre-Fall 2019 collection are a direct reference to an 18th century unfinished portrait of Spanish writer Mariana de Silva past artist Anton Raphael Mengs. Mengs was an 18th century High german painter considered to exist one of the best artists of his time. No ane knows why the portrait of Mariana de Silva was left unfinished, only the painting'due south unique look has only increased its appeal. 3 years agone, Anderson Cooper purchased the painting from an art dealer for $275,000.

Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio

Virgil Abloh Art Inspirations Caravaggio
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The Italian painter Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio is Fair'southward most referenced creative person. Carravagio's late 16th and early on 17th century paintings—such equally the Madonna of the Rosary, The Entombment of Christ, Annunciation, Narcissus, Saint Jerome Writing, and The Seven Works of Mercy—have all been printed on Pyrex Vision and Fair garments. Recent releases, such as the "Hardcore Caravaggio" pieces from the brand's latest season, fifty-fifty feature a condensed biography of the artist's life. Caravaggio was known as a controversial painter because of his painting'south gritty realism and his life every bit a criminal. Caravaggio sourced his models from the streets and painted them realistically, downward to their dirty fingernails. Despite being commissioned to paint for churches and aristocrats, Caravaggio was arrested numerous times and eventually died while he was on the run from killing a man over a tennis lucifer.

Although Abloh has never fully detailed why Caravaggio is a running motif in Off-White, Micheal Darling of the Museum of Gimmicky Art in Chicago briefly explains why Abloh was attracted to the Italian painter in the forward of the Figures of Speech volume. Darling wrote that Abloh was "diddled abroad" past Caravaggio's innovative apply of the painting technique known as chiaroscuro and how it changed history. Afterwards on in the book, Abloh says that studying the Renaissance "rewired" his brain and that chiaroscuro made him realize that art wasn't merely for rich people.

Chiaroscuro refers to the technique of balancing light and night elements in a painting to add more than depth to 3D elements.The innovation that Caravaggio brought to chiaroscuro is known every bit tenebrism, which is a style of painting where a sharp contrast between light and dark is used to create a dramatic effect. Juxtapositioning this with the definition of Off-White existence "the gray expanse between blackness and white," Carravaggio'due south work serves as a fitting symbol for the brand.